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THE INDIAN CONTRACT ACT, 1872 Section- 147 • 20 Qs
1

Under Section 147 of the Indian Contract Act, co-sureties who are bound in different sums are liable to contribute: भारतीय संविदा अधिनियम की धारा 147 के अनुसार, अलग-अलग राशियों (Different Sums) में बंधे सह-जमानतदार किस प्रकार योगदान करने के लिए उत्तरदायी होते हैं?

2

In Illustration (a), A, B and C are bound for ₹10,000, ₹20,000 and ₹40,000 respectively. D defaults to the extent of ₹30,000. How much will each co-surety pay? उदाहरण (a) में A, B और C क्रमशः ₹10,000, ₹20,000 और ₹40,000 की सीमा तक जमानत देते हैं। D ₹30,000 की चूक करता है। प्रत्येक सह-जमानतदार कितना भुगतान करेगा?

3

Which principle distinguishes Section 147 from Section 146? धारा 147 को धारा 146 से अलग करने वाला मुख्य सिद्धांत क्या है?

4

According to Section 147, can a co-surety be compelled to pay beyond the maximum amount of his bond? धारा 147 के अनुसार, क्या किसी सह-जमानतदार को उसकी जमानत की अधिकतम सीमा से अधिक भुगतान करने के लिए बाध्य किया जा सकता है?

5

Which statement correctly explains the rule under Section 147? निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन धारा 147 के नियम को सही प्रकार से स्पष्ट करता है?

6

In Illustration (b), A, B and C are bound for ₹10,000, ₹20,000 and ₹40,000 respectively. D makes default of ₹40,000. How much will B contribute? उदाहरण (b) में A, B और C क्रमशः ₹10,000, ₹20,000 और ₹40,000 की सीमा तक जमानत देते हैं। D ₹40,000 की चूक करता है। B कितना भुगतान करेगा?

7

What is the most important principle behind Section 147? धारा 147 का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण सिद्धांत क्या है?

8

A, B and C are co-sureties for D. A's bond = ₹15,000 B's bond = ₹25,000 C's bond = ₹60,000 D defaults for ₹30,000. How much will each co-surety contribute? A, B और C, D के सह-जमानतदार हैं। A की जमानत = ₹15,000 B की जमानत = ₹25,000 C की जमानत = ₹60,000 D ₹30,000 की चूक करता है। प्रत्येक कितना भुगतान करेगा?

9

Which one of the following statements best describes the difference between Sections 146 and 147? निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन धारा 146 और 147 के बीच का सबसे सही अंतर बताता है?

10

Assertion (A): Under Section 147, co-sureties bound in different sums are required to contribute equally. अभिकथन (A): धारा 147 के अंतर्गत अलग-अलग राशियों में बंधे सह-जमानतदार समान रूप से योगदान करने के लिए उत्तरदायी होते हैं। Reason (R): No co-surety can be compelled to pay beyond the maximum limit of his own bond. कारण (R): किसी भी सह-जमानतदार को उसकी जमानत की अधिकतम सीमा से अधिक भुगतान करने के लिए बाध्य नहीं किया जा सकता।

11

Consider the following statements regarding Section 147: Co-sureties may be bound in different sums. Equal contribution is subject to the limit of each surety's obligation. Every co-surety must always pay an equal amount, even beyond his bond limit. Illustration (c) requires each surety to pay the full penalty of his bond. Which of the following statements are correct? धारा 147 के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए— सह-जमानतदार अलग-अलग राशियों में बंधे हो सकते हैं। समान योगदान प्रत्येक जमानतदार की अधिकतम देयता की सीमा के अधीन होता है। प्रत्येक सह-जमानतदार को अपनी सीमा से अधिक भी समान राशि देनी होगी। उदाहरण (c) में प्रत्येक जमानतदार अपनी पूरी जमानत राशि का भुगतान करता है।

12

Which one of the following statements is incorrect under Section 147? धारा 147 के अंतर्गत निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन गलत है?

13

A, B and C execute separate bonds of ₹10,000, ₹20,000 and ₹50,000 respectively. The principal debtor defaults for ₹90,000. Which legal principle will the Court apply first while determining the liability of the co-sureties? A, B और C क्रमशः ₹10,000, ₹20,000 और ₹50,000 की अलग-अलग जमानत देते हैं। मूल देनदार ₹90,000 की चूक करता है। न्यायालय सह-जमानतदारों की देयता निर्धारित करते समय सबसे पहले कौन-सा सिद्धांत लागू करेगा?

14

A, B and C become co-sureties for D. Their maximum liabilities are ₹12,000, ₹24,000 and ₹36,000 respectively. D commits default of ₹36,000. How much will each co-surety contribute? A, B और C, D के सह-जमानतदार हैं। उनकी अधिकतम देयता क्रमशः ₹12,000, ₹24,000 और ₹36,000 है। D ₹36,000 की चूक करता है। प्रत्येक सह-जमानतदार कितना योगदान करेगा?

15

Assertion (A): A co-surety having a higher bond amount may ultimately pay more than another co-surety. अभिकथन (A): अधिक जमानत राशि वाला सह-जमानतदार अंततः दूसरे सह-जमानतदार से अधिक भुगतान कर सकता है। Reason (R): This happens when another co-surety reaches the maximum limit of his bond. कारण (R): ऐसा तब होता है जब किसी अन्य सह-जमानतदार की जमानत की अधिकतम सीमा पूरी हो जाती है।

16

Which one of the following statements is FALSE under Section 147? धारा 147 के अंतर्गत निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन असत्य है?

17

A, B and C are bound in different sums of ₹10,000, ₹20,000 and ₹40,000. The creditor demands ₹25,000 only from C because C has the highest bond amount. Is the creditor's demand consistent with the principle governing contribution among co-sureties? प्रश्न: A, B और C क्रमशः ₹10,000, ₹20,000 और ₹40,000 की सीमा तक जमानत देते हैं। लेनदार केवल C से ₹25,000 की मांग करता है क्योंकि उसकी जमानत राशि सबसे अधिक है। क्या यह मांग सह-जमानतदारों के बीच योगदान के सिद्धांत के अनुरूप है?

18

Consider the following statements regarding Section 147: It applies only where co-sureties are bound in different sums. Equal contribution is the basic rule. The maximum liability accepted by each surety cannot be exceeded. Illustration (b) shows that a surety may pay more than another due to the bond limit. Which of the above statements are correct? धारा 147 के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए— यह केवल उन मामलों में लागू होती है जहाँ सह-जमानतदार अलग-अलग राशियों में बंधे हों। समान योगदान इसका मूल सिद्धांत है। किसी भी जमानतदार की स्वीकृत अधिकतम देयता से अधिक वसूली नहीं की जा सकती। उदाहरण (b) यह दर्शाता है कि जमानत की सीमा के कारण एक सह-जमानतदार दूसरे से अधिक भुगतान कर सकता है।

19

Which one of the following is the best interpretation of the words "as far as the limits of their respective obligations permit" used in Section 147? धारा 147 में प्रयुक्त शब्द "जहाँ तक उनकी-उनकी देयता की सीमा अनुमति देती है" का सबसे सही अर्थ क्या है?

20

Complete the following statement correctly: "Co-sureties bound in different sums are liable to pay equally as far as the limits of their respective ______ permit." निम्नलिखित कथन को सही शब्द से पूरा कीजिए— "अलग-अलग राशियों में बंधे सह-जमानतदार समान रूप से भुगतान करने के लिए उत्तरदायी होते हैं, जहाँ तक उनकी-उनकी ______ की सीमा अनुमति देती है।"


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